What requirements do tyres have to meet?

 

         What requirements do tyres have to meet?

What is definite is that the expectations are extremely high – and that is a good thing, since everyone’s safety is in the final analysis involved. The list of requirements mirrors the assignments a tyre has to carry out and is divided up into four sections. Tyres are required, firstly, to be economic in every respect, i.e. they need to be cheap to buy and have a long useful life; their rolling resistance has to be as low as possible in order to save fuel and it also has to be possible to retread them. 

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The second point is particularly important to most car drivers: comfort. That feeling: what could be more pleasant than having all four tyres in full contact with the road, with the tyres moving over the asphalt so quietly than nothing can be heard inside the car as the tread does its job on the road. Acoustic performance is another important factor where environmental compatibility is concerned. It would be impossible to tolerate tyres that sounded like a little less noisy version of the caterpillar tracks used on tanks.

Material consumption should be kept as low as possible in tyre production. The issues here: responsible care, protection of resources that are in short supply etc. Consideration should at the same time already be given to the time after the end of a tyre’s useful life when it is being manufactured: what is the solution when retreading is not possible any more and the tyre has to be disposed of. Recycling is particularly important with tyres. The fourth and last point is vehicle safety. Tyres need to be weather-resistant and in a position to withstand the strains and stresses encountered when driving. They are required in addition to adapt to a certain extent to any changes in the weather conditions. The chemical industry has made crucial advances here.

Tyre structure

Looked at superficially, it is possible to get the impression that car tyres are moulded from single pieces of rubber – with the exception of the rim, of course. It is not true, however! Appearances are deceptive here, as is so often the case. A tyre is in actual fact made from anything but just a single piece of rubber. Quite apart from which: when a car tyre is being designed, it is not merely important for the car to start moving efficiently. The tyre is an essential safety feature of the vehicle. The only conclusion that can be drawn from this: tyre production is a precision process.
All modern steel belted tyres are based on the same structural principle, no matter who the manufacturer is. For example, all car tyres contain about 16 different rubber blends, in addition to such synthetic materials as Kevlar, nylon, rayon and steel cord in a strong bond. The differences between the specific brands are therefore in the details at most.
As has already been mentioned, tyres are we know them consist of different layers. This means, among other things, that they are not produced like in a cake mould but are assembled instead from numerous individual parts that are then given their final form in the vulcanisation mould. Tests have been made in the past involving tyres made from a single piece of polyurethane, but they were not suitable for cars.

Bead

The bead with its wire core forms the basis of a tyre, the part that is clamped behind the rim (sometimes called the tyre foot in the industry). It is in general unusual to see the bead of a car tyre. However, anyone who has had to change a bicycle tyre after a puncture is familiar with it. And knows too how difficult it is to get the bead back onto the rim after the inner tube has been mended, put back in the tyre and pumped up to some extent. There is a reason for the high tension that is involved here: it makes sure that the tyre is secured firmly on the rim when the vehicle is moving.

Sidewall

The sidewall of the tyre is clearly visible whenever one gets into a vehicle through the driver’s or front seat passenger’s door. Driving performance and comfort can be affected by the sidewall, which is a very sensitive part of the tyre: if the car is driven hard over a curb, for example, carcass threads in the sidewall are crushed and break either immediately or later. The sidewall is also there to provide all the information about the tyre (e.g. 155/55 R 13).
The sidewall is reinforced with steel and, where the rim begins, with rubber, so that the substructure is protected from damage.

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Comments

  1. If need tyres in Adelaide or need them repaired? At Wheelworx Auto Studio, They specialise in all tyre types and offer affordable services. They have a quality collection of various premium and mid-range tyres in Adelaide .

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